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Interview with Laurie Graham

Author of the month whose book, The Future Homemakers of America, is featured in The Australian Women’s Weekly, November issue. Here, the acclaimed English writer talks about writing, her book and her extraordinary life-style and a love affair that began with a lonely hearts ad.

Q You live in Venice, of all places?

A Yes, in an apartment on the top floor of a 16th century building. My office is above a busy canal, traffic lights and all. And the terrace where we eat most of our meals looks across the rooftops to the church of Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari, a view that has hardly changed in 500 years.

Q How long have you been there and is it wonderful place to live?

A Two years and we love the cit and its way of life. Venice is an old-fashioned city – it has elegance, courtesy, emphasis on family, doing simple things, properly, slowly.

Q Do you feel over-run by tourists at times?

A Tourists are a bit of a minus, but we were tourists ourselves once. The main minus is all the bridges you have to cross in an ordinary day. Su e giu, the Venetians call it (up and down). It’s the kind of tax the city imposes on your knees for the privilege of living here.

Q I imagine freezing winters?

A Yes, but Venice is then at its most lovely.

QAre you there for long and how’s your Italian?

A We’re here long term and yes, I speak Italian.

Q Ever homesick?

A For England, no. For my friends, but they do visit. Ditto family. I miss my own language, but I think exile can be good for a writer. I really LISTEN to English now, when I hear it.

Q You write scripts as well as novels?

A I write radio scripts for the BBC and am currently working on a dramatisation of The Go-Between.

Q Do you travel much?

A Our children live in England and Ireland, my in-laws live in the USA, so a lot f our travel is just keeping up with people. A We aim to explore somewhere different every winter and this year it will be St Petersburg.

Q You studied science at university, which seems strange for a writer?

A It was a mistake, but not a bad one. I’m still interested in the How and Why of things. And I don’t think there’s any such thing as an ideal preparation for becoming a writer.

Q You started out by writing Survival Guides – why?

A The first was a Parent’s Survival Guide. I think I wrote it because al the available guides were so solemn and earnest. By the time I wrote it I had four children, and so I knew the value of a sense of humour and common sense.

Q Did you always dream of becoming a writer?

A I think it was more a case of ‘drift’ than dream. I was nearly 40 before I was published. I never had a plan, but I do believe each of us, if we’re lucky, eventually discover something we can do.

Q Are you a fast writer and how many drafts do you do?

A. Not sure. I write a book a year because I have to – it’s my living. I don’t really do drafts. I correct and correct as I go along. Generally, I write all morning. Sometimes a writer has to get up and walk away from her desk and do some thinking, or ironing, or both.

Q The Future Homemakers is about a bunch of US airmen and their wives living in England, is it based on fact?

A Yes, there were US airmen in the UK and the FHA still does exist. I think it’s unisex these days. The trigger was seeing a photo of American schoolgirls in their early 50s, all bright eyed and optimistic, ready to be good homemakers. I wondered what became of them. Then I made it up.

Q Do you do much research?

A Not much, except for technical detail stuff like how to crash a B-47. I prefer not to hem myself in with too many facts. The flood in the book did happen and yes, there were once plenty of people living in poverty like the character Kath Pharaoh.

Q Who is the first person to read our manuscript?

A My husband, Howard, who is an art historian. Partly because I get no peace until he’s seen it. Mainly because I value his judgement. He never sees it till it’s finished though.

Q I read that you met your husband after answering a lonely hearts ad in London and married three years ago?

A All true.

Q It was a courageous act, what made you answer the ad?

A A moment of madness. Don’t know about courage, but meeting for the first time was nerve-wracking. Howard got dozens of replies, so it wasn’t immediately obvious whether I’d made it onto the shortlist. Or even the long list. However, after our second date he invited me to Paris for the weekend, and we’ve been together ever since. He’s a gem.

Q Your book is set in the 1950’s,how did you replicate it so beautifully?

A The suffocating 50’s? Research, no. Peggy and her friends are my mother’s generation. I saw their lives at first hand.

Q You had your family before you began your career as a writer?

A I had children first because I didn’t have a career or any clear idea how to get one. I hadn’t realised then that I should be a writer. I think I was very lucky. I was able to be at home with my children instead of paying someone else to enjoy them.

Q Did you find it hard being a wife and mother?

A I don’t think I found it so hard. It was very tiring and my (first) marriage ended in divorce, but I never felt seriously stifled. All my life I’ve been able to read and listen to music and draw and write. I don’t think being a woman or a wife or a mother ever stopped me doing anything.

Q How do you see the life of the modern women who combines career with child raising?

A I find their lives completely unenviable. My daughter is juggling a career and motherhood and I don’t see that the satisfaction outweigh the costs. Mainly though, I believe whatever the social climate, some people will find a way through and some people will do nothing and blame their circumstances.

Q Your book is essentially about the friendships between women – do you think women are better at being friends than men?

A Women pay more attention to the things that make a friendship. Listening. Keeping in touch even if there’s nothing much to say. Men prefer to cut to the chase. They’ll call up to arrange a game of tennis, but very rarely just to say, ‘How are you?’

Q Do you have a lot of close friends?

A I refuse to count them. But I love each of them for a different reason. And friendships ebb and flow. Sometimes we’re close. Sometimes we’re not.

Q What about your next book?

A It’s a 70 year saga, beginning in 1912, about the kind of family that nowadays would get labelled ‘dysfunctional.’

The Future Homemakers of America, by Laurie Graham, Fourth Estate, $27.95

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Exclusive interview with JK Rowling

It is hard to find people who have not encountered Harry Potter, the loveable bespectacled boy wizard who has wild, unruly black hair and a trademark lightning scar down his forehead – a legacy of his run-in as a baby with the evil, dark, lord, Voldemart. If you are one of those people who have never read a Harry Potter story, you will very soon want to do so, if for nothing else than to stop feeling like a cultural outcast. In the meantime, before you go running to the local bookshop or cinema – Harry Potter is about to appear at a screen near you – you could do no better than read this interview which charts the creation, rise and never-ending huge success of Harry, whilst introducing the charming, brilliant author, J.K. Rowling, whose stories have captivated the hearts and minds of millions.

FACT FILE

  • A staggering 110 million copies of the Harry Potter books have been sold world-wide. J.K. Rowling’s stories have been published in 200 countries and translated into 47 languages, from Albanian to Zulu.

  • JK (aka Joanne Kathleen) Rowling was born in 1965 in Chipping in England, but grew up in Chepstow, Gwent. Her parents were avid book lovers who stocked their house with books.

  • At school, Wydean Comprehensive, Jo’s favourite classes were English Literature, particularly the books of Jane Austen, Paul Gallico and Ian Fleming. She earned a French and Classics degree at Exeter University.

  • Once she made a start with The Philosopher’s Stone, Jo moved to north Portugal to teach English as a foreign language. She married a local Portugese journalist in 1992 and gave birth to her daughter Jessica in 1993. When her marriage ended, she returned to live in Edinburgh.

  • JK Rowling has had her fair share of sadness. Apart from her marriage ending, her beloved half French, half Scottish mother died of multiple sclerosis at the age of 45. She has also experienced bad depression at various times in the past.

  • She has continued to produce, on average, one Harry Potter book a year.

  • J.K. Rowling was voted author of the year at the 1999 British Book Awards. She was awarded an OBE (Order of the British Empire) for services to children’s literature, last year.

  • She gave 500,000 pounds of her own money to the National Council For One Parent Families.

  • Joanne Rowling’s current fortune is estimated at around 300,000 pounds and rising fast.

  • Q: Is JK Rowling your real name?

JK: My real name is Joanne Rowling. My publishers wanted another initial, so I gave myself my favourite grandmother’s name as a middle name – Kathleen.

Q: Were you encouraged to write as a child?

JK: I didn’t need to be – I was always writing. My parents thought of it as a hobby. I never told them it was all I wanted to do with my life. They wouldn’t have approved – no pension scheme, see!

Q: When did you first get the idea for the Potter stories?

JK: I can remember the day in 1990 as though it is tattooed on my mind forever. The idea came to me whilst I was on one of those long train journeys travelling from the north of England to London. The character of Harry just popped into my head, fully formed. Looking back, it was all quite spooky! I remember being so excited that as soon as the train reached king’s cross Station, I rushed home to jot down this narrative concept on paper before I could forget anything.

Q: Why did you choose the name Harry Potter?

JK: It is completely imaginary. I took his surname form a family I lived near when I was a child, just because I liked the sound of it; and ‘Harry’ has always been one of my favourite Christian names.

Q: If you could be any of Harry Potter character, who would it be and why?

JK: By nature, I am most like Hermione, who is one of Harry’s best friends. Ideally, I would most like to be Professor Dumbledore (the Headmaster of Hogwarts). I’d like his wisdom.

Q: How long did it take you before the first harry Potter story was finished?

JK: It took me five, long, hard years to complete The Philosopher’s Stone.

Q: You were a full-time, working woman, so how did you find time?

JK: My day job was at the charity Amnesty International, doing research into human rights abuses in Africa. The only time I could get to write was during my lunchtimes or in the evenings. After closeting myself away in some of Edinburgh’s cafes for the best part of five years, Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone was eventually completed.

Q: Did you have any rejections when you began writing and if so, how did you cope with them?

JK: I had lots of rejections. But I expected it, so I was already braced for failure. However, I loved Harry so much that I just wanted to get him into print whatever the cost in emotional energy. Fortunately, I found an agent who believed in me. And finally, in 1996, Bloomsbury Publishing signed me up – after much bigger publishers said no: citing such reasons as my first story was too long and complex for children. Look who’s had the last laugh!

Q: How many hours a week do you spend writing Harry Potter and what is your best time for writing?

JK: Sometimes I do ten hour days. Not being a very good morning person, my best time for being really creative is later in the day. In fact I’m areal night owl and my very best ideas come at midnight.

Q: How many re-writes do you do before you get it right?

JK: Loads and loads and loads. The worst ever was 13 versions of one chapter (chapter nine in The Goblet of Fire).

Q: What do you think makes Harry Potter books appealing to younger and older people in all languages and cultures?

JK: I don’t really know. I write primarily for myself and that probably shows in the books. The quirky sense of humour is most definitely mine. My books, of course, are primarily about magic and magic appeals to kids all over the world.

Q: Harry’s sheer courage also appeals to many readers – would you agree?

JK: I would! Although he is full of anxieties, Harry never gives up and gets by on a combination of intuition, sheer nerve and a fair bit of luck.

Q: How do you cope with strongly religious people who have reacted against Harry Potter stories, accusing them of witchcraft?

JK: Mostly I laugh about it and ignore it. I think the Harry books are actually very moral.

Q: Does your daughter, Jessica, read the books before anyone else?

JK: No, though she’s pretty annoyed about that! She’s only seven and I think it would be a horrible burden if I told her the plot secrets. She already gets surrounded in the playground and interrogated!

Q: Why did you set the Harry Potter stories in an exclusive British boarding school?

JK: Wherever I go in the world, children and their parents seem to like the Britishness of the stories, even if they are probably getting an idyllic and rather surreal view of the British public school, system.

Q: The second page of your books always features the Hogwarts school crest with a motto written in Latin – what does it stand for?

JK(laughing): It means ‘never tickle a sleeping dragon’ – good advice!

Q: Readers love the curious wizard sport of Quidditch – for readers who may not be sure what it is, can you help?

JK: Quidditch started in the 11th century at a place called Queerditch Marsh. Originally it was quite a crude game played by wizards on broomsticks, and over the subsequent two centuries they added more balls until it became the game we know now.

Q: Is Quidditch as popular around the world as it is in Britain?

JK: It’s popular everywhere, but not so much in the Far East as they prefer the flying carpet to the broomstick.

Q: What is the most dangerous beast in your stories?

JK: You don’t want to mess with a dragon! Then you have nasty things like the Acromantula and the Alethiafold, which slides under doors at night and suffocates its prey. Personally, that would be my worst one.

Q: What is your favourite beast and why?

JK: I would most like to have a phoenix. They have all sort of interesting properties and they’re very beautiful – not that I’ve ever seen one, they’re very shy.

THE HARRY POTTER FILM

Q: Do you feel the film will take away the imagination and magic from the books?

JK: I hope not! I’m excited about seeing the film, but then no film could ever ruin my favourite books for me.

Q: Are you happy with how your story has been translated for the cinema?

JK: I had some concerns to begin with. When I first started to get film offers I said ‘no’ to all of them. I love good movies, however the vital thing for me was that the studio promised to be true to the book and I have great faith in their commitment to that. The crucial thing is that the integrity of the characters isn’t messed about with.

Q: Are you concerned there are no big American Hollywood stars in the film?

JK: When it comes to Harry Potter, which is mostly set in and around a British boarding school, that’s a good thing. I am particularly pleased that the cast is primarily made up of brilliant British character actors who are just right.

Q: Who are they?

JK: Richard Harris is Professor Albus Dumbledore. Dame Maggie Smith is Minerva McGonagall and Alan Rickman is Professor Snape.

Q: What about the young actor playing Harry?

JK: He is a truly miraculous find. At least 40,000 child actors tried for the role. But when I saw Daniel Radcliffe’s screen test, I knew he would be ideal. Daniel has just the right sense of vulnerability, which is crucial.

Q: I believe some of the cast came to you for advice, which cast member did you enjoy helping?

JK: One of my most enjoyable experiences involved assisting big Scottish actor Robbie Coltrane. When he approached me about his character, gamekeeper Hagrid, I said he’s the sort of guy who when his fierce friends are not around, is quite happy to talk about gardening or child rearing.

Q: Has Harry ever used the internet?

JK: No. He’s not allowed near the computer belonging to his horrible Muggle cousin, Dudley.

Q: Can you tell me anything about the next Harry Potter novel, which will be number five?

JK The title is Harry Potter and the Order of The Phoenix. That’s as far as I am prepared to go at the moment.

Q: What do you hope your books and these film adaptations will achieve?

JK: To inspire people both young and old to use their imagination. And to drive children back to reading books. If I can credit myself with anything, it has been to make it ‘cool’ for young people to start reading again. In this day and age, when books have to fight it out with such diversions as Gameboy and Pokemon for children’s attention, that alone gives me more pleasure than anything!

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Be calm

Try to make time for five minutes of quiet meditation and reflection every day. It stills the mind, combats stress, and mentally prepares you for what you have to do next.

Meditation exercise

  1. Sit in any position that feels comfortable and close your eyes. Keep your head upright, shoulders relaxed.

  2. Start to breathe steadily and deeply. Don’t try to influence your breathing too much – just notice it for a few minutes.

  3. Now make a deep ‘OH” sound that comes from the back of your mouth and throat. Bring the sound forwards in your mouth, opening your mouth wider, as the sound shifts into a slightly higher-pitched “AH”. Finally close your lips and hum the sound “MMM” Feel it vibrate on your lips.

  4. Repeat twice more. Take it very slowly – make the sounds as rich and vibrant as you can, and extend them for as long as you can.

  5. How do you feel now? Do you feel different in any way? With regular practice, this simple exercise can refresh and recharge you in just a few minutes.

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Re-fuel, revitalise

Can the foods you eat shift your mood as well as stop you feeling hungry? The latest research reveals you can do anything from overcome depression to improve your memory – simply by choosing the right food.

To boost energy levels, choose:

Protein-rich foods: seafood (prawns, fish, scallops, mussels); turkey; low-fat milk or yoghurt.

Foods containing boron: fruit (apples, pears, peaches, grapes); nuts; broccoli; legumes.

To improve your memory, choose:

Foods high in thiamin: wheatgerm; bran; nuts; or fortified cereals.

Foods containing riboflavin: almonds; fortified cereals; milk; or liver.

Foods containing carotene: dark green leafy vegetables; orange fruits or vegetables.

Zinc-rich foods: seafood; legumes; cereals or wholegrains.

WHAT TO AVOID

  • Saturated animal fat

  • Butter

  • Alcohol

  • Caffeine (including soft drinks)

  • Over-processed foods

  • Artificial sweeteners

  • Foods with excessive amounts of artificial colourings, preservatives or other additives

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Enchanted evenings

From Best Sellers for Fairs & Fetes

Measurements

Finished bags measure approximately 17cm x 25cm but measurements can be adapted to make smaller or larger bags.

Materials

38cm x 19cm satin, brocade, silk dupion, or other evening fabric

66cm x 19cm contrast fabric for lining and border

0.6cm twisted satin cord or braid

scraps of brocade, braid, tassels, beads, jewels and so on

Method

Bag

With right sides together and allowing 1cm seams, stitch short ends of Bag rectangle and lining rectangle together. Press seams open.

With right sides together, fold bag/lining so that seams are exactly aligned with each other; pin. Stitch both side seams as pinned, leaving an opening in one side of lining for turning.

Turn right side out through opening; slip stitch opening closed. Push lining down into bag, wrong sides together. Edge of lining will protrude above bag, forming contrast border. Press.

Decoration

This is entirely up to you.

Handles can be made from the same fabric as bag or from satin cord. Border can be decorated with braid, ribbon or beading, as desired. Add tassels, toggles, decorative buttons, jewels, lace – whatever you have in your store of pretty bits and pieces.

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Insoluble fibre

Insoluble fibre

This type of fibre tends to be better known as it is more visible and often adds texture to our food. Insoluble forms of fibre include cellulose (present in all edible food plants), hemicelluloses (found especially in cereal bran) and lignin (found mainly in cereals and woody vegetables). Best sources include cereal bran (wheat, corn and rice bran), wholegrain breads and cereals, dried beans, peas, nuts, seeds and the skins of fruit and vegetables.

Insoluble fibre has a sponge-like effect, soaking up water and swelling in size. This action produces a feeling of fullness which can prevent overeating and, in turn, help in losing weight. This process also adds bulk to stools, making waste matter heavier and speeding it through the large intestine. Having softer faeces is of value for preventing or treating disorders such as constipation, haemorrhoids, hiatus hernia and diverticular disease.

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What is fibre?

Fibre is a vital part of the digestive process, but are you eating enough? Dietitian/nutritionist Vanessa Jones shows how, by making small changes in what you eat, you can easily go from a low-fibre diet to one that is high in fibre.

Your mother describes it as ‘roughage’, the kids call it ‘those yucky grainy bits’ and your partner scoffs and labels it ‘horse feed’. The word ‘fibre’ often conjures up thoughts of scratchy, hard bits found in tasteless food which has one purpose – to keep you regular. But fibre is often invisible, does a lot more than keep the bowels moving, and is definitely not confined to food stored in chaff bags in the stables.

Dietary fibre – not a nutrient but still a vital part of our diet – is only found in foods of plant origin such as breads, cereal products, fruits, vegetables, legumes, seeds and nuts. The key feature of fibre is its ability to pass through the stomach and small intestine undigested and reach the large intestine virtually unchanged. Most other food components and nutrients we eat are digested and used in other parts of the body before this stage.

However, fibre is not ‘indigestible’. In the large intestine, some components of fibre are broken down by millions of ‘friendly’ bacteria. As part of this process, the bacteria multiply by the million and produce special acids. Once they die, their bodies add bulk to our faeces and are excreted. This is a natural and desirable process. In fact, one of the acids produced (butyric acid) has been shown to have cancer-preventing properties within the bowel.

Just as there are different types of vitamins, there are also different types of fibre, ‘soluble’ or ‘insoluble’, both playing a different role in the body.

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Beeswax candles

These are great for kids as they’re simple to make and can be moulded in a range of shapes and sizes.

Beeswax Candles

Materials

Sheets of beeswax (in desired colours)

sharp knife

wicking

Working on a protected surface, cut the beeswax sheets into rectangular or tirangular shapes of the desired size. Cut a length of wick slightly longer than the long edge of your beeswax sheet. Position wicking about 5mm from this edge and fold and press the beeswax over the wicking to secure it in place.

Roll the beeswax sheet from this edge to form a candle. Repeat to make the desired number of candles.

Rectangular sheets will roll into standard column candles while triangles will create interesting tapered effects. Experiment by rolling differently shaped pieces of beeswax to create your own unique candles.

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Egg candles

Children will love these colourful, egg shaped candles and can help in making them, but never let young children melt or pour the liquid wax.

Egg candles

Materials:

Eggs (the desired number)

sharp knife

small bowl

stearin included or buy stearin and mix it with wax- 8 parts wax to 1 part stearin)

wax dyes

double saucepan (use an old one, if possible)

metal jug

wicking

Cut a small hole in the top of each egg using a sharp knife, pour the contents into a bowl (cover and keep for cooking).

Wash out the eggshells in water with a few drops of detergent added, being careful not to break them. Allow the shells to dry thoroughly then place them in an egg carton.

Melt and dye the wax following our instructions for moulded candles. Pour wax into a small metal jug, as this wil make pouring it into the shells easier.

Slowly pour the molten wax into the shells until it reaches just below the hole. (If you want to make striped candles, melt and pour one colour first and allow the wax to harden, then repeat for each different coloured layer.)

When the wax has hardened slightly, use a skewer to make a hole in each candle, then insert wicks. Top up with wax, if necessary. When the wax has cooled and hardened completely, peel away the shells to reveal your candles and use eggcups as novelty candle holders.

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Shell candles

Shell candles

Fill shells with colourful wax and group them for a pretty lighting display. To make the shell candles, follow our instructions for making moulded candles and push metal skewer in to the wax once it hardens slightly to make a hole for the wick.

Melt a little more wax and pour it around the wick to secure it.

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