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Bath bliss

If you use essential oils in your bath, add them just before entering so their delicate healing properties won’t evaporate in the steam before you get in the tub. Oh, and swoosh the water to disperse the drops thoroughly so there are no ‘hot spots’ of oil.

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What is an eating disorder?

From The Australian Women’s Weekly Health Series Eating Disorders book. Click here to buy the book.

As the names indicate, eating or dieting disorders involve a struggle with eating and unreasonable dieting – strictly limiting the amount and types of food eaten, “losing control” and eating too much, or having to get rid of the food as soon as possible after eating.

However it is not only about eating. It is also about being unhappy with body shape, size or weight and the destructive effect this has on self-esteem, relationships and ability to cope with life generally.

How we think we look has become a crucial determinant of self-worth and happiness. The US magazine Glamour conducted a survey through the University of Cincinnati that asked 33,000 women questions about their body image – in other words how they perceived, and how they felt about, their bodies. Seventy-five per cent considered themselves to be too fat and 96 per cent said their weight affected how they felt about themselves.

Almost half of them said loosing weight would be a greater source of happiness than a relationship, success at work or hearing from an old friend. The figures in this part of the world are similar. For example, a Medical Journal of Australia report found that 20 per cent of the women surveyed resorted to drastic weight control methods while 17 per cent binged at least once per week. In a Cleo magazine survey of women and dieting, over half of the women taking part said they felt depressed about their weight and 73 per cent felt envious about someone else’s body every day.

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Lynette Wallworth creative works

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Q&a: Patti Miller

Author Patti Miller has been teaching people how to write their memoirs since 1991. She has had thousands of students from all over Australia attend her courses and has worked with a number of published authors. From 1984 to 1992, Patti was a lecturer in Writing & Literature at the University of Technology and the University of Western Sydney. Since 1991 she founded the Life Stories Workshops and has offered fiction and life writing workshops at Writers’ Centres, Community Centres and for Continuing Education at the University of Sydney.

Patti’s new book, Whatever the Gods Do (Random House $21.95), is the story of an extraordinary journey, which centres on Patti’s friendship with Kit and Dina. After Dina dies unexpectedly, Patti spends seven years caring and being ‘the second mother’ of the couple’s son, Theo. Patti is devastated when Theo’s father decides to move away to begin a new life. Desperately missing Theo and in need of something to distract her from her misery, Patti decides to give singing lessons a go.

**Q: How do you know where to start your life story?

A:** Where you start will be determined to some extent by whether you are writing your whole life story, (autobiography) or an aspect of your life, (memoir). They will clearly begin in different places, but both can begin in any number of ways – with a memory, a fact, an anecdote, a symbolic image, or a philosophical comment. Whichever you chose, it will be more powerful if it says something significant about your life. I like best the idea of starting with an early memory, because early memories are nearly always significant. But you don’t have to start at the chronological beginning. For example, I began Whatever The Gods Do with a image of myself singing which is really the end of the story.

**Q: What qualities make a great memoir?

A:** For me, a great memoir illuminates what it is like for a particular person to be here set down in the mystery of the world. I am not very interested in achievements, or even all the events of someone’s life, what I am interested in is how they see and experience their world, whether it is the world of fame and public success or the world of their own family and back-yard. So a great memoir is one that observes the surroundings, experiences, events and relationships of a life with clarity and insight. It engages the mind and heart and sheds some light on what it is like to be human – whether that is as a movie star, politician, farmer or housewife.

**Q Give me three golden rules about writing your memoir?

A:** These three golden rules are from my text, Writing Your Life, a journey of discovery (Allen & Unwin 2001). This text has lots of information about how to write your life story :

  • Write with attentive awareness; whether you are writing from life or imagination, faithful observation will give truth and beauty of style.

  • Write because it matters to you; this will give truth and beauty of voice.

  • Write with a sense that you are making something; this will give truth and beauty of form.

  • **Q: When setting out to write your memoir, should you write for yourself or for an audience?

A:** It depends on whether you want to publish or not. If you want to publish, then certainly you need to be aware of the readers. But you must not write just to please your readers, because all readers are different and you would lose your own sense of what you wanted to say. Hold on to your own voice, your own perception of your life, but remember that you are not pouring out your heart into a journal, you are constructing your life on the page for other people to experience. A useful tip is to write with a particular reader in mind, a friend or relative with whom you feel most natural, most yourself.

**Q: When writing about living people, what are the rules? Do you need to ask permission?

A:** Thee are some legal rules, ie you cannot defame anyone, and if you think some of the things you have written might be defamatory than consult an arts law lawyer, (see Arts Law Centre of Australia). Apart from legal concerns, the rules are up to your own sense of justice and responsibility. You don’t need other people’s permission, but if someone you care about might be hurt or embarrassed and you want an ongoing relationship with them, then it would be wise to consult them. For example, in writing

  • Whatever The Gods Do

  • I discussed the story with the two central characters, Kit and Theo, many times – and I changed their names to protect their privacy. However, I did not change any of the important facts or my perceptions – you must not let everyone else in your life be your editors or you would soon have a ‘blancmange’ version of your life, sweet and bland.

**Q: Can you write a memoir without being truly honest about your darkest secrets? (For example, should Cheryl Kernot have included her affair with Gareth Evans in her book?)

A:** This is a tricky question because what you reveal depends on your purpose in writing your life story. If you are writing about your achievements, then there is no need to include your love affairs – failed or otherwise. On the other hand, leaving out dark secrets can create an unreal fairy floss version of life which is ultimately undermining to the reader.

The three key questions about dark secrets are:

  1. Is it important/useful that other people know these secrets?

  2. If it is important, then, is it worth the pain it may cause to innocent others?

  3. And if it is worth the pain, am I strong enough to cope with the flak?

I imagine Cheryl Kernot said ‘No’ to the second question – it’s everyone’s right to make that decision from their own emotional and moral standpoint. In Whatever The Gods Do I had to decide whether to leave in a scene where Kit told me he wanted to commit suicide, knowing that Theo, his young son, would be distressed when he read that in the book. Rightly or wrongly, I decided the truth outweighed the pain that revealing this dark secret might cause.

**Q: As a writing teacher specialising in memoirs, were you nervous about writing your own memoir?

A:** When I wrote my first memoir The Last One Who Remembers (Allen & Unwin ‘97)I felt nervous that readers would make comparisons between what I said about how to write memoirs and what I actually did! That book was an exploration of the importance of stories on our lives – with my own stories as a kind of illustration. I think the nervousness made me try a little too hard.

However, as I wrote Whatever The Gods Do, which is about Dina, a friend of mine who died leaving a three year old son, Theo, I immersed myself in the importance of the story and did not worry about what anyone would think. What was important was being honest and clear about my relationship to someone else’s child. It is a very complex story and it took as much heart and soul and mind as I could muster to write it – naturally now I hope readers will enjoy it.

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Shooting butterflies

Shooting Butterflies by Marika Cobbold, published by Allen and Unwin, $29.95, is our Great Read for April.

The remarkable thing about this morning was not that it was Grace’s birthday; after all, that occurred once a year so by the time you got to forty you should have ceased to be surprised. Nor was there much to say about the day itself; she walked down Kensington High Street to get the paper and it was muggy and overcast, the air so heavy with pollution you felt like offering it a hand to rise.

Back home, there was nothing odd about the toaster malfunctioning, Grace’s two slices of white bread getting caught and having to be prised out piece by piece, nor about the tea turning cold before she remembered to remove the teabag. And she had expected cards; she had friends, after all, and Mrs Shield. No, what gave the day it’s unusual quality was that the postman, when he arrived, handed her a present from her dead lover.

She tore open the tattered brown paper parcel with its US stamps, thinking it might be a present from her Aunt Kathleen. Inside was a picture. She lifted it out and turned it the right way, gazing at the painting as if she had found a pink, breathing baby beneath a heap of rags. Outdoors, it was murky; leaden sky, charcoal asphalt, and the dirty white of the concrete building opposite. Indoors, the picture brought its own light.

There was an envelope hidden in a pocket of the wrapping. It had been opened and sealed again with a couple of bits of tape. On it was simply written Grace. It was his writing. She put the envelope down on the table, shook herself and then looked again. It was still his writing. She picked the envelope up and tore it open. Her heart was hammering in her chest as she read on, but her hands remained steady; it was her training.

The painting was the kind of gift – remarkable and utterly right – that he would send her; but two years after his death? Grace was not one of those people who discounted miracles; she just didn’t think them likely. He was dead and, this being life, there would be no resurrection.

She propped the picture up against the back of one of the kitchen chairs. She looked at what he had looked at; there was a time lag of over two years, but they were sharing the view: the house brooding in the background, the dark-haired girl seated by the water’s edge, the figure gazing at her with such longing, and all washed in a light so clear it might have been sieved through a fine muslin cloth. The sea was playing in shades of blue and, beyond, the horizon was endless. Grace had seen such light and such horizons in the past, in other places, but never from a window at Northbourne House. And A.L.Forbes, who was he? She had never heard of a painter of that name, yet this was not some amateur work but the work of a true artist.

She turned the letter over in her hand and it was then she noticed the scribble on the back.

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Crazy quilt

Materials

White lawn (for backing squares), quantity depends on the size of your quilt

Scraps of medium-weight cotton fabric

Thread

Backing fabric

Wide bias binding (in colour to match your quilt)

Method

Following our Crazy Quilt Guide and using fabric A, cut lawn into 22cm squares. To stitch patchwork, lay a scrap of fabric (fabric B in diagram) right side up over one corner of the lawn. Pin in place as illustrated in Step 1.

Take the next piece of fabric (fabric C in diagram) and lay it face down in a diagonal line over fabric B, as illustrated in Step 2.

Machine stitch in place using a 6mm seam. Trim sewn edge and open fabric C right side out, press.

When fabric C is opened out to the right side, two corners of the lawn square will be covered, as illustrated in Step 3.

Continue stitching pieces together until the base square (fabric A) is totally covered.

Press and trim edges to form a square the same size as the base fabric (A), as illustrated in Step 4.

Make as many squares using the method above, as desired.

To make up your quilt, join your squares in strips, then join these strips, matching seams.

Cut and join fabric for backing; make your backing at least 5cm larger all around than your quilt. Tack backing and quilt top wrong sides together (no wadding is used). Turn out. Machine quilt along all seams (use a walking foot or the dual feed on your machine). Trim corners into curves and bind the edges of your quilt with bias binding.

Credit: Quilt designed and made by Yvonne Line.

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Headaches

From The Australian Women’s Weekly Home Library Series, Headaches: Relief at Last, A$12.95. Buy the book here.

A headache is a fact of life for countless people every day, but that doesn’t mean that it need be endured in silence. This up-to-date guide explains the causes of most common problems, from tension headaches to migraines, and provides practical answers on how you can set yourself free of headache pain.

IF PAIN PERSISTS……..

The vast majority of headaches are suffered in silence. In the belief that pain will be short-lived, or that headache is one of those things that is sent to us to try us (and it does!) many people simply soldier on.

However, as they say in advertisements for painkillers, if pain persists, you should consult your doctor. And not only if the pain is persistent; if headaches suddenly strike someone usually headache-free, or if the usual pain suffered changes in character or intensity, or is causing you any concern, it goes without saying that you should seek medical advice.

The good news is that headaches can be treated. People often don’t seek treatment, thinking that headaches are one of those things that we just have to put up with, but there are many very effective treatments available, so do consult your doctor if troubled by headache pain.

Consultation

When you consult your doctor, he or she will probably ask a series of questions designed to arrive at a diagnosis of the type of headache you are suffering from – whether it’s an idiopathic (medicalese for “precise cause unknown”) headache, like a tension or migraine headache, or whether it could spring from some sinister problem, such as a brain tumour or abscess.

The doctor is likely to ask where the pain strikes – front or back of the head? Over the eye? – and how it feels – pounding or throbbing? A tight band around the head? He or she may inquire about other symptoms associated with the pain, such as nausea, vomiting, change in bowel habit or special sensitivity to bright lights, sounds or smells.

You may be asked whether the pain is increasing, whether it’s worse in the morning or when you cough, bend or strain, and how it reacts to simple medication, like analgesics (painkillers). The doctor may also ask how the pain is effected by weekends, travel or other breaks in routine, and whether jarring the head makes it worse.

Examination

The doctor will probably check your family history (heredity can play a part, particularly migraines), as well as any medication you are taking for other conditions (headache can be a side effect of some medications that act by expanding the blood vessels). He or she may take your temperature and check your nose and ears for signs of infection – a common cause of headache – as well as check your reflexes and eyes for signs of neurological problems. If a cause of concern is found, it may be necessary to order blood tests, X-rays of your sinuses, a brain scan and/or refer to your neurologist.

Long before you’ve got to this point, however, you will probably have been asked about any personal problem or special stress you may be experiencing, because the overwhelming likelihood is that your trouble is a simple tension headache.

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Quick stress busters

Stress can harm your heart and compromise your immune system, resulting in a lowered resistance to infection. Try these three quick tips to beat stress and bring instant calm.

1. Shrug Your Shoulders

This releases tension held in your neck and back. Slowly and deliberately raise your shoulders as close to your ears as you can while breathing in deeply; then slowly push them back and down in a rolling motion, breathing out. Repeat five times.

2. Take A Whiff

Several essential oils have powerful calming effects. Keep a bottle of lavender, sandalwood, or chamomile oil in your desk drawer and sniff as needed. Or, dab a few drops of the oils on a hanky and carry it with you.

3. Find Your Pressure Points

According to Traditional Chinese Medicine, applying pressure to particular acupressure points on your body helps release stagnant qi (chi, or life force or energy); blocked qi can make you feel sluggish and lethargic. On your right leg, find the small depression located four finger-widths down from your kneecap and one finger-width over toward the outside of your leg. Press your middle finger into this point for a count of one minute. Repeat with your other leg.

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Soy for diabetics

As if helping to lower cholesterol and relieving some menopausal symptoms isn’t enough good news, soy may soon have a new health claim to make. In a small study conducted at Hull University in England, researchers tested the effect of soy supplements on diabetic women. For 12 weeks, one group of the women ate meals sprinkled with a soy protein powder containing 132 mg of isoflavones, while a control group ate meals that did not. The result? The soy powder appeared to lower dangerous insulin levels in diabetics. However, before taking any supplements, diabetics should check with their doctor first.

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Q&a Marika Cobbold

Marika Cobbold’s Shooting Butterflies, published by Allen and Unwin, rrp $29.95, is this month’s Great Read. Look out for it in bookshops with our Great Read sticker on the cover.

Q: When did you know you want to be a writer?

A: Not until I was in my mid twenties. I grew up in a newspaper family but never thought of writing as an option while growing up. But I was a reader. In fact I did very little other than read. Books were more real than the real world. And I was a daydreamer, translating my experiences into stories in my head. Yet, it never occurred to me that I might write books myself. I am obviously rather slow. But once I sat down and began I knew it was what I was meant to do.

**Q: When did you marry?

A:** I met an English naval officer in my hometown of Gothenburg Sweden. I was still at school. I was very romantic, very impressed by the uniform and all that. We had only known each other for a couple of weeks, with a summer in between, when we got engaged. I was eighteen but at least I had finished school by then. We married six months later and I went to live in England. My parents liked my husband but they were pretty worried about how young I was. It wasn’t an act of rebellion or anything like that. I had a happy childhood, loved my parents, and always intended to go to university, have a career all that. Youth is rash and all that and few were rasher than I.

**Q: Are you still married?

A:** No, the marriage ended seven years ago.

**Q: Why?

A:** There were several reasons, there usually are. My ex-husband is a very nice man and I don’t regret marrying him in the slightest; apart from anything else we have two fantastic children, but I really was too young when we married. I was nowhere near ‘finished’, whereas my husband was much older and knew who he was and what he wanted in life and in a partner. Once the children were older and on their way, the differences between us became all too apparent. We were giving each other far more grief than joy. I read somewhere a description of someone’s marriage as “another middle-aged marriage without grace” and it certainly struck a chord with me. We’re good friends though and see each other on family occasions. I don’t think it matters how grown up your children are, they still like to see their parents being nice to each other and luckily, in our case, that’s not difficult.

**Q: What did you do after your marriage ended?

A:** I really didn’t know what to do at first. I had lived in countryside for almost twenty years; it’s much the best place to bring up children but suddenly I yearned for the city and with an eighteen year old and a fifteen year old, London seemed an exciting option. Practically the moment I arrived I felt as though I should have been here all my life. In fact when I go to the country to visit friends, I find myself longing for pavements under my feet. London was a new, exciting experience for me. I came here, too, in an incredibly privileged position. I am financially independent. I have two wonderful children, and a job I love and a great flat in a great part of town. For most people, being suddenly single is not so easy.

**Q: So that’s how you got your knowledge of English country life? I loved the scene in Shooting Butterflies, where you’re seated around the table with the blind guest and the bustling mother is so concerned with what she thinks is good for him she fails to see her family disintegrating in front of her.

A:** Yes, I must say I enjoyed writing that. I enjoyed living in the country, by and large but there are limitations, to put it mildly. It was my little shot at the past.

**Q: You have a new partner now?

A:** Oh, you want all the sordid details of my life, do you? No, I don’t have a partner anymore. We ended it after six years together. He is in publishing; that’s how we met. Again though, we’re good friends, so that’s OK.

**Q: Do you like living alone?

A:** I do. It’s rather wonderful being able to do what you want whenever you want. Eating croissants and chocolate for supper, chatting on the phone for hours, watching Sex and the City on TV, writing until three in the morning – and not having to explain or answer to anyone. I don’t really feel lonely. How can I? I have my children. There’s my son, the doctor, Jeremy, 26, and my daughter Harriet, who is 22 and an actress. They live around the corner from me, so I see them a lot. I have heaps of friends and other family. In time, I may feel as though there’s something missing in my life, most of us probably dream of settling down with that soul mate. And there are times when I look back to the time the children were small and wish I could have it all again, but that, as they say, is life.

**Q: Does writing come easily?

A:** I wish! It’s long and slow and solitary. I do a lot of sitting and staring into space. Someone once said that writing is easy; all you do is sit down at the typewriter and open a vein. I rather agree with that. It’s lovely having a book in your head. It’s not in the least lovely sitting down every day in front of a blank screen that seems to be screaming ‘Feed me! Yet in the few moments when the writing flows it’s like being in love. I think I’m someone who has to ‘translate’ life onto the page in order to live fully. (That’s probably a contradiction) So, on balance I wouldn’t swap my job for anyone else’s.

**Q: Where did the inspiration for Shooting Butterflies come from?

A:** I was out walking in the country one summer’s day when I came upon a large heap of horse manure on the path in front of me. I was about to step round, nose wrinkled, eyes averted but I paused instead, transfixed by the sight of a beautiful orange and gold butterfly its wings fluttering as it clung onto the heap of manure. That, I thought, just about sums up life.

I’ve been told by some people that Shooting Butterflies is a dark novel but I think it’s about hope. We often hear of how tragedy may lurk behind a glittering façade. Well, Grace, my main protagonist claims that sometimes a perfectly good life might be hiding behind a tragic façade. Grace is a photographer. She knows all about the difference an angle, a sliver of light, can make to the picture.

Bad things happen to Grace – bad things happen, that’s life. But in most aspects of her life, Grace has choices. Having choices is something that we might take for granted but for women of previous generations it was all too often an unachievable luxury as Grace realises through her developing friendship with ninety-year-old Louisa, batty ghost and forgotten wife of a great man.

To me, humour is the saving grace of mankind and Grace is funny. I know I wrote her, but she really is quite funny. Like many authors I am constantly frustrated by the gulf between that which I dream of writing and that which I actually manage, poor frail mortal that I am, to produce. But in Shooting Butterflies I think I have written rather a good novel. (I know that in English people don’t boast but I’m Swedish so I’m allowed.)

**Q: Your first language is Swedish. Why do you write in English?

A:** It’s pretty simple really. When I started writing I had already been living in the UK for some seven years. I spoke English to my husband and children and friends and it just seemed natural to continue communicating in that language.

**Q: Who are your favourite writers?

A:** I love Anne Tyler and Margaret Attwood, Carol Shield Jane Hamilton and Philip Roth. I very much enjoyed The Idea of Perfection by Kate Grenville. The list is endless, really, that’s the joy. There’s always a new writer to discover. I like the classics, of course: Hardy, Trollope, the Brontes. The Great Gatsby is incredible in its perfection. To Kill a Mockingbird is luminous. I think Jane Austen was the most naturally gifted writer ever. She wrote perfectly constructed novels and there weren’t too many creative writing courses around in the early nineteenth century. And P.G. Wodehouse still makes me laugh out loud.

**Q: Tell me about your childhood?

A:** It was good. Stable. A close extended family and lots of friends. Having a grandfather and father in the newspaper business was stimulating and my mother is very artistic so pictures and books and music were all about us, which makes for a pretty good start. There was much less emphasis on material things, not that many toys nor the constant round of activities that children are used to these days. I was left to do my own thing quite a lot. My mother actually believed it was good for children to be bored sometimes. I don’t think she’s wrong. It forces you to rely on your own resources – vital if you want to do anything at all creative. I have a Jewish grandmother and grew up with many Jewish friends and I think I got a Jewish sense of humour, i.e. pretty black, and also the very strong sense of family. There were and are a lot of very colourful personalities on both my mother and my father’s side, successful too. That’s a great thing to have with you – all these amazing, infuriating, ancestors. Although my children and I live in England we are all still very close as an extended family and we all spend the summers together on this Swedish island where I grew up.

**Q: The themes of wasted potential and fear of failure runs through your books, why do you think that is?

A:** I just think that being allowed to fulfill your potential should be a basic human right and it mostly isn’t. It certainly wasn’t for most women up until recently. And just think how many potential Picassos, Mozarts, Mother Theresas super models, educators, scientists … or simply good, productive people of whatever sex, there are, born every day who just don’t have a chance, through poverty and oppression. They never get a chance to achieve a fraction of what they could have been capable of, had they been born in for example Britain or Australia. Such a waste, such a tragedy. And such a privilege to be born in a time and a place where you have a chance and where you have a choice.

Of course, even in these days of increased equality, women have tougher choices than men. If you want to flourish in your career, family has to take a back-seat and if you want to give your family what it deserves it’s a pretty tall order to go as far as you might want in your career. As for failure … like most sentient beings I feel a failure myself a lot of the time so being self-centred, I give that trait to some of my characters.

**Q: You began writing very young with two small children. How did you fit it in with the demands of family life?

A:** You steal time. My husband was away for up to nine months at a go in the navy, and my family lived in another country so there wasn’t a lot of baby-sitting on offer, so spare time was scarce, but with writing, especially your first book, you can achieve a lot in quite a small amount of time as long as that time is spent consistently. The thing is to write something every day, even if it’s half a page at three o’clock in the morning. Of course if the writing takes off you get deadlines and sidelines and all that and then it’s the same story as for most women; you juggle and you work your butt off.

**Q: Your first novel was rejected. Why did you keep writing after the rejections?

A:** I just reckoned that I would be even more miserable not writing than writing so it was not really a choice. You just go on. It’s hard because you just don’t know if all the effort and sacrifice of time will ever amount to anything but a lot of pages in a desk-drawer. You start thinking of all the things you could have done with the past two or three years and multiply that with a lifetime. Think if nothing ever comes of it? And what a very uncomfortable thing it would be to maybe one day have to accept that one had all drive and the burning desire to create, all the foibles of a writer but that one lacked just that one little trait; TALENT. Spooky! Still, hope is the greatest gift, or con, so I carried on and in the end I got there.

**Q: You seem to have a great life?

A:** It is incredibly privileged. You are never really content though are you? I would definitely like to write better, sell more, get better reviews, win a few more prizes; all very un-British to be so ambitious, or at least to admit it, but there we are.

**Q: What next for you?

A:** That thing which is both a blessing and a curse in a writer’s life; the next book, always that next book when all I really want to do is sit back and watch Neighbours.

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