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Flat hair

Question:

I have really thin, straight hair, especially from the front — how can I get it to look fuller?

Anita

Answer:

Start by using a volumising shampoo and conditioner and a styling mousse. When drying your hair use a large, round bristle brush first and then roll hair up into Velcro rollers. After you take the rollers out, place hair where you want it to fall and spray hair with a strong-hold hairspray.

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Hungry cat

Question:

I have a one-year-old cat who will eat anything, even pumpkin skin. We have got her on a strict diet of low calorie biscuits from my vet, but nothing fills her up. She is hungry 24 hours a day and will devour anything she can find. She has been tested for diabetes and thyroid problems and all is fine. She prefers not to exercise, even when prompted. How can I control her weight and make her healthy?

Sasha

Answer:

Certainly diabetes and hyperthyroidism are diseases that can cause ravenous appetites in cats, but usually not in cats this young and they usually lose weight with these conditions. I think your cat is just obsessed with eating! You have certainly done the right thing by having her on a low calorie diet, as this will minimise any weight gain while allowing her to eat a larger volume to feel full. You need to (with the help of your vet) determine what her ideal weight should be, considering her size and build. Then you can calculate exactly the amount of food she needs for nutrition. This amount can be rationed over several small meals for her during the day.

Try to play games with her to get her to move — chasing furry mice or balls or other cat toys might motivate her. Also make sure you do not reward her begging behaviour. If you feed her every time she begs for food, what will she do all the time? You got it. Instead, stick to a routine so she is fed regularly but not on her demand! See your vet regularly for weigh-ins to check that those scales are tipping in the right direction!

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Travel sickness

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Napkin folding

napkin folding

If you’ve always thought that fancy folds in napery were too difficult to attempt, think again. Start off with the simple and elegant pocket design.

Step 1

Fold the napkin in half and in half again, to form a square a quarter the size of the original. Fold the top right corner (A) down so that it meets a point in the centre of the napkin.

Step 2

Fold that folded edge down over on itself in the same direction to meet corner A at the centre of the napkin.

Step 3

Fold the top right corner behind itself to a point halfway between centre point A and C. You should have created two pockets.

Step 4

Fold the left and right sides of the napkin under to make equal thirds, and press flat behind.

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One Sunday

One Sunday

Exclusive extract from One Sunday (Macmillan), written by Joy Dettman.

Tom heard that hammering and he didn’t want to wake up and hear it took it into his dream. It was the young Ronnie, in uniform. In his dream, he reached for his oldest boy, then he saw he had no face, no arms, and in his sleep Tom cried out his son’s name.

That woke him, head pounding, heart racing. That bloody dream. God only knew how many times he’d dreamed it. It was always Ronnie at that door, never young Johnny; perhaps Tom’s subconscious had accepted his youngest boy’s death. All of those dreams started out the same, always the same knocking at the door, and him running, knowing that it was his boy coming home.

He rose from his pillow, shaking his head, trying to get rid of that dream. The knocking continued. Some bugger wanting him, and he’d only just got to sleep. He stood, grabbed his trousers, stepping into them in the dark passage. He found his way to the knocking coming from the police station office door. He turned the key and peered out into the gloom, hoping he was awake and not dreaming he was awake, praying Ronnie wouldn’t be standing there.

For an instant he could have sworn it was him. There was a reflex reaching out of his hand, then he recognised his milkman, young Kurt Reichenberg. And what the hell did he think he was doing, waking people up at this time of the day?

‘It’s Rachael Squire,’ Kurt said. ‘She’s hurt. She’s on the road in front of our place.’ Tom’s heart lurching as two fast beats tripped over each other, he stepped out onto the veranda. ‘Dave Kennedy’s bride? Where?’

‘Near our gate. I’ve told the doctor.’ And he was gone, riding off down hill.

Old Joe Reichenberg’s property shared a fence with Dolan’s hotel, over a mile east. Tom yawned, closed the door and felt his way back to the kitchen, where he opened the stove’s firebox and poked a few sheets of newspaper in, needing its light, not its heat.

Not often did he curse Molliston’s lack of electricity, but he cursed that web of wires now. All across Victoria they were weaving their night-time magic, but they still hadn’t sidetracked those wires to Molliston. Much had been promised these last years and much had been delivered, but not electricity.

A time of great progress, the twenties, a time of consigning that bloody war to the past and getting on with it. A lot of the land had been opened up in the Solider Settlement Scheme — many of those returned boys had no trade to return to, so the government offered them blocks of land and equipment to develop that land. Some made a success of it.

William was the service centre for a large area. They had a butter factory, a cannery, an abattoir and a small clothing factory; they had doctors, dentists, a well-equipped hospital. William was growing in population daily while Molliston stagnated, though the Johnsons, Murphy’s and O’Briens, all good Catholics, were doing their best for the town. Molliston could consider itself lucky to have the telephone, thanks to Nicholas Squire, the town toff, who knew folk in high places and who had stamped his handmade boots hard enough in those high places to get those wires through town.

Tom dressed in the kitchen, in the clothing he’d shed too few hours ago. He pulled on a collarless shirt, slipped his arms into his vest — not for warmth but for the watch he kept in its pocket. He hated not knowing the time.

He poked a few sticks into the stove before pulling on his socks. Forcing two large lumps of wood in, he felt the weight of his kettle. It was full enough, he closed the flue up tight, hoping there were enough embers in there to catch onto that wood; he pulled on his boots, and headed for his front door, lifting his lightweight helmet from the peg in the vestibule as he walked.

Milk billy on his doorstep, pennies on his lid — he stepped over it; one foot on the cane chair, he was tying his bootlaces when he saw Rob Hunter ride out to the road.

‘Hang on, Rob,’ he called. He checked the tyre pressure in his bike, which was propped for the night against his wall, then walked it across to where Rob waited. ‘What’s happened to her? Do you know any more than me?’

“Young Reichenberg said he was on his way to work and he found her on the side of the road. Said he couldn’t wake her — that her head was bleeding.”

“Sounds like a road accident. I heard the widow Dolan racing around last night. She’s probably hit her.”

“Did you forget your bike clips, Robbie?’ a voice called from the hospital veranda.

‘I’m wearing them.”

Tom had a bad habit of misplacing bike clips and mincing his trouser cuffs in the chain when no one reminded him. He tucked those cuffs into his socks, mounted his bike and the men pushed off downhill.

Only a bike rider or a winded nag would call that slow an incline a hill. It was a slope, through the length of that slope made it a long hard push back into town. There wasn’t a lot to see from Merton Road once the shops and school were left behind. Hay’s property on the left, Larkin’s on the right, and not much of a road in between. Carved by the thousands in their quest for gold, reclaimed by nature, Merton Road was now a dusty goat track leading to a crumbling ghost town.

A road gang had been through six months back. They’d dropped a bit of gravel down this way and put in a culvert, then they’d called it good enough. It was far from good enough. Old ruts forged by the iron wheels of yesteryear were deep, and recent wind storms hadn’t helped any. Most of the gravel dumped on that road had now moved off to the sides.

They crossed over the hump of that culvert and, a hundred yards on, sighted Kurt Reichenberg standing guard over a prone figure, Tom dismounted and leaned his bike against a clump of stunted wattle.

Rob, 15 years his senior and not so agile, placed one foot down and took his time. He retrieved his bag from the wire basket, his lantern from the handlebars, then allowed his bike to fall. The lantern held low, they stood looking down at the girl: blood staining the side of her mouth, blood around her nose, no obvious sign of laceration.

“Shite,” Rob said. “Hang on to the light for me, Tom.” And he was down on one knee, his fingers searching for a pulse. “Hold it over her. Tilt it, and get rid of that shadow. Now hold it there”. He lifted her head, his fingers doing more examining than his eyes, then he placed her head gently down. “Shite,” he said. “Shite, shite and more of it. What’s gone wrong with this bloody town tonight?”

‘” can carry her up to the hospital, Doctor Hunter. She’s no weight.”

‘The ambulance is on its way. I reckon she looks comfortable enough where she is, lad.’

More light creeping out of the east now, Tom could see blood on Kurt’s shirt, blood on his hand, which he was rubbing against the leg of his trousers.

“You’ve got a lot of her blood on you, Kurt,” Tom said.

“I tried to lift her, before I saw she was injured.”

“You didn’t see what happened to her?”

Kurt shook his head, turned away.

“She’s taken some sort of blow to the base of the skull, by the looks of it. That’s all I can find,” Rob said.

“Hit by a car?”

“Not likely. Something would have broken. There’d be skin off somewhere. There’s hardly a mark on her.” Rob continued his examination, lifting her sleeves, looking at her arms, her legs. “Can’t see anything in this light. You didn’t straighten her up at all, lad? Didn’t pull her skirt down?”

“She’s … as I found her.”

“She’s been carried here, and not long ago.” Rob gained his feet with difficulty and turned down to the sound of the horse’s hooves and creaking harness. “Someone’s down there.”

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Silence your inner critic

One of the biggest mistakes writers make is trying to do everything perfectly, immediately. Anne Lamott, author of Bird by Bird, writes,

“Perfectionism is the voice of the oppressor, the enemy of the people. Perfectionism will ruin your writing, blocking inventiveness, playfulness and life force.”

Most people discover that when they learn to turn off the inner critic, let go of the need to be perfect and begin to trust the process and the power of their imagination, magic happens on the page and in their stories.

According to writing teacher and author, Jerry Cleaver, people get into trouble and waste an awful lot of time because they don’t understand the rules of the creative process, which are very different from the way most of us tackle problems in life.

“Creativity involves an unusual and contrary set of laws. If you violate them, you will expend enormous amounts of energy and get nowhere.”

If you want to write you have to understand the following:

1. You will make a mess

Creating stories is never a neat, orderly or predictable process. Mess is inevitable. You make a mess. You clean it up. You lose your way. You find it again.

2. You must write badly first

Trying to get it perfect right away will only get you blocked. Writers write a number of drafts to get it right. You’ll do better if you lower your expectations.

3. Mistakes lead to discovery

This is a game of mistakes. Mistakes and uncertainty are good. They create a new combination of possibilities. Good and bad go hand in hand. Letting yourself be bad is the best way to become good.

I once met a man at a writing conference, who told me how he’d once managed a team of inventors. He said that what he tried to do with them was to accelerate the process of making mistakes. The reason he did this, was because making mistakes was the quickest route to the next breakthrough.

So don’t be put off by so-called mistakes. Mistakes are part of the creative process. Dare we say it, they are just opportunities in disguise. They invariably teach us something that will take us to the next level, if we’re open enough to let them.

Remember, a professional writer is an amateur who didn’t quit.

Roland Fishman created The Writers’ Studio in 1992. The Writers’ Studio runs live courses at their studio in Bronte, Sydney and online courses for all locations. Visit www.writerstudio.com.au for course information.

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Writing exercises – Part 2

Writing fiction is not an intellectual exercise. One of the keys to creating powerful fiction is to evoke emotion in your writing. You want your writing to create an emotional response in the reader. It is the emotion that will connect the writer and the reader to your characters and your story.

So when you write, it is not about writing what actually happened, rather it is about connecting with the emotional truth of a situation.

Gustave Flaubert said this about the writing of Madame Bovary, “when I described how Emma Bovary poisoned herself, I had such a strong taste of arsenic in my mouth, I was so poisoned myself that I had two attacks of indigestion, one after the other, very real attacks, for I vomited my entire dinner.”

Perhaps you do not need to go quite as far as Flaubert in the following exercises, but you do need to connect with the emotion your character is feeling in a scene and get it on the page.

This will give your writing life and energy.

The Process

In the following four exercises, just focus on writing. Getting the words down onto the page. You will do this by following the three basic rules. Keep your pen moving, capture first thoughts and let yourself write junk.

Write for ten minutes

When doing these exercises, we recommend you write for at least ten minutes per exercise. Once you start, don’t stop until the time is up – even if you write, yuck, yuck, I’m stuck, stuck. Keep writing until the words start flowing again.

Keeping your pen moving and letting your pen do the thinking will cause your conscious mind to make way for your imagination. This will kick in when you least expect it and you will surprise yourself with what comes out of the writing.

The exercises

Come up with a character. Give them a first and second name, an age, a job description and a relationship status.

For example, Shirley Gilmore, 65, Carer, Widowed.

Try to get into your character’s mind, body and spirit and write the exercises below from their point of view. You can use different characters for different exercises or stick with the same one for all four. It is totally up to you.

Remember when you are writing there is no right or wrong. The only failure if you want to write is not writing.

Exercise 1

Think of a situation where your character feels anxious. It could be waking up in the middle of the night, in their bed, alone, feeling there is someone else in the room. Write that scene from your character’s perspective.

Exercise 2

Think of a situation where your character realises they’re in love. Write that scene from your character’s perspective.

Exercise 3

Start a piece with the phrase “Love hurts…” Write that scene from your character’s perspective.

Exercise 4

Start a piece with the phrase, “Welcome to my nightmare…” Write that scene from your character’s perspective.

Roland Fishman created The Writers’ Studio in 1992. The Writers’ Studio runs live courses at their studio in Bronte, Sydney and online courses for all locations. Visit www.writerstudio.com.au for course information.

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Gabrielle Lord’s writing tips

Gabrielle Lord

Author Gabrielle Lord shares her top four writing tips:

Read books about writing, especially screenplay writing, or better still, do some courses in this area. To develop good knowledge of structure, pace and narrative, there’s nothing better than understanding how a story works and that’s what happens with screenplay writing.

Storyline your story – that is, write down in order, how the scenes will flow. You can always change them later, reorder them, etc, but how else will you know where you’re going? When people complain to me about writer’s block, it’s usually because they don’t know where their story is going because they haven’t undertaken this basic craft skill. Your plan is your map – you can always deviate from the map, but you need it to get started on the journey.

Research the areas you need to and you’ll find great treasures unearth themselves as you talk to the experts. You’ll get wonderful anecdotes that you can pinch and disguise for your book – gifts that you’d never dream about normally.

Remember that there isn’t The Muse who will descend with your story fully evolved for you. Well, very rarely! And as Bryce Courtney says, a writer needs lots of “bum glue”!

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Super foods — part 2

brocolli

One way to help assess the nutrition merits of a diet or eating plan, is to check out the number of super foods it contains. Super foods are better than others for your health. They can extend your “health span”, prevent disease and may even reverse the effects of aging.

So, if you’re dieting make sure that you include these foods to help you transform into a superman or woman.

Let’s take a closer look at five more of the best:

Nuts

Nuts contain healthy oils, fibre, vitamins and minerals, potent phytochemicals and the amino acid arginine. They’re no longer a dieter’s foe with research showing that regular nut eaters often maintain a healthy weight. There’s also compelling research linking nuts and heart health with findings that a serve of nuts (30-45g), five times a week, may cut the risk of coronary heart disease in half.

Soy beans

These beans are an excellent source of high quality protein, containing twice as much protein as any other legume. The active ingredients are the soy protein and plant phyto-oestrogens (isoflavones) which have positive benefits for heart disease and possibly diabetes control, cancer protection (breast, colon, prostate) and decreasing menopausal symptoms.

Broccoli

Belongs to the brassica or cruciferous family and is packed with nutrients like vitamins C and A, riboflavin, folate, calcium, and iron. It also contains indoles shown to block oestrogen receptors in breast cancer cells and sulforaphane, which also kills abnormal cells.

Tomato

These vibrant red fruits are packed with the anti-oxidant lycopene. Lycopene offers a host of benefits including heart health and protection against prostate cancer. Interestingly you can increase the absorption of the lycopene in tomatoes by cooking in a small amount of olive oil. What great news for pasta lovers!

Red meat

Of course, when you’re dieting, only lean meat will do. It may be lean but healthy red meat cuts still pack a mean punch of iron and zinc and also supply vitamin B12, protein and omega 3 fats. To reap the rewards you only need to factor in 3-4 serves a week, such as a palm-size serve of steak; beef strips in a stir-fry and Thai beef salad for lunch.

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Food safety at home

containers

When we think of food and its effect on health, we generally consider its nutritional value. However, the first point of call should be food safety. Australia produces some of the safest food in the world, yet it’s estimated 1.5 million Australians suffer a bout of food poisoning each year.

What is food poisoning?

Food poisoning results from eating food which is contaminated by bacteria or toxins from bacteria, natural toxins in foods, or excessive levels of pesticides or additives.

The most common bacteria that causes problems is Salmonella, found in meat, poultry, eggs and their by-products. They live and grow in human and animal intestines and are easily transmitted by excreta, flies and pets.

The body usually reacts quickly within 6-12 hours after eating the contaminated food. The most common symptoms of food poisoning are vomiting, diarrhoea, stomach cramps and fever, and in extreme cases, even death.

Food safety tips

This might all seem somewhat scary, but most cases can be prevented by safe food handling practices.

The key issue for food safety is to keep hot food hot and cold food cold. Bacteria multiply rapidly in temperatures between 5-60ºC (i.e. cool to under boiling temperature). For example, one bacterium can multiply to greater than two million in seven hours at these temperatures.

For most of us, safe food handling begins in the supermarket and continues in the home.

Shopping

  • Check the use-by or best-before date.

  • Choose hot foods (such as rotisserie chickens) and refrigerated and frozen foods last so that they don’t sit in your trolley for too long.

  • Do not leave groceries sitting in your car and keep a car fridge or cool pack in your car for frozen and refrigerated foods.

At home

  • Keep your fridge at 4°C or less and your freezer at approximately -18°C.

  • If you do not intend to eat meat or poultry within a couple of days, freeze it.

  • Thaw meat, poultry and fish in the fridge, not on the kitchen sink.

  • Cook thawed meats immediately, especially if thawed in the microwave. Do not re-freeze unless cooked first.

  • Anything that comes into contact with raw food should be washed before being used for cooked food, including hands, chopping boards and knives.

  • Refrigerate leftovers or cooked food within an hour (let them cool in the fridge, not on the bench and cover with plastic wrap).

  • When reheating foods, heat to very hot temperatures to kill any bacteria and stir regularly to ensure the food is very hot throughout.

  • Do not reheat anything twice and use leftovers within a day.

  • And don’t forget to wash your hands!

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