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Eggs for a shiny coat

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Benefits of buttermilk

Question

What is buttermilk and how do you use it?

Carolyn Axelsen, via email

Answer

The name buttermilk was originally the term given to the slightly sour liquid left after butter was churned from cream. Today, buttermilk is intentionally made from no-fat or low-fat milk to which specific bacterial cultures have been added during the manufacturing process.

As to how to use it in cooking … how long have you got? Many Indian chefs use it in their cooking rather than yogurt (which has a tendency to split under heat) and, indeed, it is a requisite ingredient in certain Indian soups. It can be substituted for part of the cream or mayonnaise called for in some recipes, notably salad dressings and sauces, to lower the fat content. It is a mandatory ingredient in a classic ranch salad dressing and in buttermilk pancakes, biscuits and muffins. Buttermilk can often be substituted for milk in much baking, and if you haven’t got it on hand when a recipe requires a very small amount, you can approximate the product by blending equal parts low-fat natural yogurt and no-fat milk. Another but somewhat less adequate substitute is diluted light sour cream.

Not only is it a fantastic cooking ingredient, it’s a tasty and healthy drink as well, being low in fat, but high in calcium and “good” bacteria. Many of the world’s most popular cultured dairy drinks — India’s sour lassi, Lebanon’s laban, Turkey’s ayran, Eastern Europe’s kefir — are spin-offs of buttermilk, so it’s somewhat of a mystery to me why more of us don’t quaff the stuff. Try it first with a little added fruit blended into it then try it on its own, quite chilled.

In Australia, buttermilk is readily available in the dairy department of supermarkets in 600ml and 1-litre cartons (and occasionally can also be found in 2-litre plastic containers).

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All about galangal

Question

I have been hearing about a root called galangal, similar to ginger root I think. Would you mind telling me how it is pronounced, if it tastes like ginger, if it’s used like ginger and if I can grow it in a pot.

J Madden, Mudgeeraba, QLD

Answer

Also known as Ka, Thai or Siamese ginger and Laos ginger, galangal (pronounced ga LANG gal), is a rhizome (a knob-like root) used extensively in South-East Asian cooking.

Being from the same family as ginger, it tastes similar but is stronger in flavour with a peppery citrus flavour. It is also tougher and woodier in texture than ginger so needs to be crushed or chopped finely before use.

There are many ways to use galangal; slice it thinly and use it to flavour salads, soups and stews, or grind it and use it in curry pastes and sauces. It tastes especially good with seafood.

I believe it is possible to grow it yourself if buy a fresh piece with unbruised pinkish shoots and plant it in shallow, moist, well-drained soil. Pickled galangal is used both in cooking and as a condiment – buy it in jars or cryovac packed at Asian groceries.

Try some of these recipes using galangal.

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Staffordshire bull terriers

Question:

My 17-year-old son has bought, with our permission, a Staffy puppy. But boy are we getting some negative comments. She is now 10 weeks old and a fully-fledged part of our family, but why this reaction from people — are there any grounds for it?

Karen

Answer:

Unfortunately Staffies (Staffordshire bull terriers) do suffer a bit in the reputation stakes, which is not entirely fair, of course, but due to their breeding (they were originally bred for dog fighting) and potential risk to injure they are considered more dangerous. We have all heard the shocking stories of dog attacks (especially on children) and Staffies have been involved more than a lot of other breeds. The other problem is Staffies that are crossed with other fighting breeds such as Pitt Bulls — many people can’t differentiate. Also, just due to their physical shape and jaw strength, if they attack they will cause more damage than smaller, more placid breeds.

It should be said though, that any breed can be aggressive and it is more to do with breeding from non-aggressive parents, and how the dog is treated. With good socialisation and training, Staffies are amongst the friendliest breeds of dog but they have an instinct of hanging on and shaking if they do attack. And most attacks occur with children because they don’t understand how to act in a non-threatening way with a dog and are at face height.

So, I would urge you to take her to puppy pre-school for socialising and obedience training and for you to learn about dog behaviour and psychology so you are in control at all times and can prevent and unfortunate incidents. Then you can happily enjoy your Staffy safely.

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Teeth trouble

Question:

Just today I have noticed a build-up on my three-year-old cat’s back teeth. I removed it with minimal ease. How often should cats have their teeth cleaned?

Jo

Answer:

Most pets have some tartar build-up by the time they reach three years. It occurs on all surfaces of all teeth (including under the gum line) but especially on those back teeth because they are near the salivary ducts in that area. Brushing your pet’s teeth can prevent or minimise build-up but won’t remove already present tartar and most pets don’t take too kindly to it (you need to use a pet toothbrush and toothpaste).

There are special premium foods available from your vet which, like tartar control toothpaste, are very effective at chemically preventing tartar production from plaque. Regular raw bones to chew can certainly also be useful, but never cooked bones. Check with your vet first as to whether it is okay for your pet and which bones would be most suitable.

The best idea is to have your vet check the teeth for any gum disease or infection. You may need to have the teeth scaled (ultrasonically) by the vet and any rotten ones extracted. Then you can start the preventative food with a clean mouth. This will require general anaesthetic, but start with a visit to your vet to see just how bad they are and whether you need to take action.

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I drugged my sister-in-law

Tom and I dated for only four weeks before we married. It didn’t seem to matter at the time as we were soul mates. However, a few months into the marriage I wondered about the wisdom of this.

Night after night he would return home late from work explaining that he’d been visiting his elderly parents. It didn’t add up and one week, after four consecutive late nights, I confronted him. If he was having an affair, I wanted to know.

Tom took my hands in his and sat me on the sofa. I steeled myself for the inevitable news that my new husband had been playing around. Tom took a deep breath and explained that his sister, Jen, was mentally ill. His frequent visits to his parent’s house at all hours of the day were to help his parents coax Jen into taking her medication. If she didn’t take the medication she became aggressive towards her parents and eventually she needed to go to the psychiatric hospital. Tom and his parents spent most of their time trying to prevent this from happening, but it was a relentless process as Jen refused to admit she had any sort of problem and wasn’t convinced that the medication, which gave her side-effects, was needed.

After Tom disclosed this emotional information to me, I smiled like a fool. I was so happy that Tom wasn’t having an affair. I assured Tom that together we would get through this crisis and it wasn’t a big deal. Tom grimaced in return. Only someone with a relative who is mentally ill knew what sort of life the family of that person led. Our lives were to descend into an endless cycle of turmoil.

With the birth of my two daughters, it was a mutual decision that I give up my career and become a stay-at-home mum. Resentment soon set in as night after night I dealt with the dinners, baths and bedtimes whilst Tom spent late nights at his parents’ house dealing with Jen. When he arrived home he was mentally and physically exhausted. Money was tight as Tom couldn’t apply for promotions because of all his family commitments. Running two families was hard work.

We never had a family holiday as Tom felt he couldn’t leave his sister. His stress levels increased to the point where our relationship became monosyllabic. And then my husband’s elderly parents passed away within a month of each other.

It was taken for granted that Tom and I would look after Jen. His sister moved in straight away and life became much worse. I couldn’t deal with the weird comments about my children and the general paranoia. I didn’t mind so much for me but I was angry that my children had gone from having an easygoing home life to a situation where we all had to watch what we said in case we set Jen off.

The last straw was when Tom and Jen returned from yet another psychiatric appointment and she threw the medication script down on the lounge and stormed off to her bedroom screaming that there was nothing wrong with her. My husband turned to me and for the first time since I had met him I saw tears glimmer in his eyes.

Enough was enough. I slipped the script into my purse and picked up the medication on my next visit to the chemist. Jen always had a cup of tea at 4pm each day without fail and I was the one who made it for her. So, from that day on, I meticulously slipped the medication into my sister-in-law’s cup of tea unbeknownst to anyone. I convinced myself that I wasn’t doing anything wrong. After all, the doctor had prescribed the pills and I was giving the correct dose. What could be the harm in that?

The effect on Jen was almost immediate. Jen was suddenly this bright, lovely person and life as we knew it changed. Tom’s stress levels decreased and it was as if we had embarked on a second honeymoon. The change in Jen was so distinct that Tom even suggested we take that long awaited holiday. And out of necessity, at my insistence, we asked Jen along. I managed to slip the medicine into her drinks on the holiday as well.

On returning from the holiday Tom commented to me that he’d never been happier. He just couldn’t get over the change in Jen.

However, our happiness was short-lived. The prescription had only been for a year, which was nearly up and I was hoping Jen’s annual psychiatric appointment would provide another repeat script.

When Tom and Jen arrived home from the psychiatrist appointment I greeted them at the door. Grinning, Tom told me that the psychiatrist couldn’t believe Jen hadn’t been taking any medication as her behaviour had improved so much. The psychiatrist said that in some cases people do improve with age. He said it could actually be considered a minor miracle and that there no need for him to see Jen again. I gasped as I realised my plan had backfired. Jen skipped to her room laughing happily.

There was no way out. How could I confess to my husband that I had been medicating his sister? I could be put in jail. I had the children to think about.

Jen’s condition deteriorated suddenly as the medication was eliminated from her system. Hello to that familiar endless cycle of chaos. Oh well, we did manage to have one good year. And a family holiday to boot!

Picture posed by models.

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‘I have maintained an 18kg weight loss’

Diet Club

I lost 18 kilos two years ago on a low-carb diet. The surprise is that I have maintained this weight loss — I have been dieting since I was 13-years-old, now I’m 53. It is the first time in my life I have achieved this. I am very proud of myself and even though people don’t comment on my appearance anymore, I feel very positive about the improvements I have made to my health. Having a positive outlook gives me confidence to say no to junk and yes to healthy eating. I only weigh in once a month, so I am no longer a slave to the scales. If I have gained one month, I just work a bit harder and sure enough, the next month I am back to where I want to be. So go for it girls, believe in yourselves!

Maxine Bean

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Weekly diet plan with chocolate and wine

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Weekly meal planner with grilled salmon

Judy Davie
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Feline friction

Question:

We have two cats, Khloee, two years, and Kahlua, nine weeks. Khloee was recently stolen and dumped far from home and I believe they mistreated her as well. She was terrified of all humans when I got her back. We have recently got another kitten for Khloee to play with but she hasn’t really taken to her. Is there anything I can do to make them happier with each other?

Anita

Answer:

It sounds like Khloee has an anxiety disorder — which definitely needs to be dealt with, regardless of the intruder, but that’s probably not helping her right now. Give them their own space, bowls, bedding and litter tray so she doesn’t feel her territory is being threatened. She may also need some anti-anxiety medication to help her re-settle initially. There are also plug-in vaporisers that emit pheromones to help calm down stressed-out cats. Ask your vet about these. Give them both separate attention and cuddles, games and hopefully, eventually, she won’t bother trying to convince the kitten to leave! It is normal for adult cats to find kittens annoying. Kittens grow up and learn not to be so “in your face” with older cats — if they don’t want a swipe across the face. Nature has a wonderful way of educating young animals how — and how not to — behave!

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